Skin Antibodies: BP180, BP230, Desmoglein 1 (DSG1) and Desmoglein 3 (DSG3)

Immunology

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Description

Antibodies that react with structural components of the skin are responsible for blistering autoimmune skin diseases. These antibodies can be categorised into those that react to antigens either in the basement membrane or the desmosome components of skin tissue. The target antigens in the basement membrane are predominantly BP180 and BP230 and are associated with pemphigoid diseases. BP180 is a transmembrane protein and BP230 is a cytoplasmic protein that aid in anchoring the cells of the epidermal basal layer to the basal lamina. The main target antigens in the desmosomes are Desmoglein 1 ( Dsg1 ) and Desmoglein 3 ( Dsg3 ). These autoantibodies are associated with pemphigus disease. Dsg1 and Dsg3 are transmembrane proteins within the desmosome, where they join the cytoskeletons of neighbouring cells.

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Indications

Diagnosis of autoimmune bullous skin diseases ( pemphigus and pemphigoid ).

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Sample Type

Serum ( Gel 5ml Yellow ). Requests from outside Sheffield: Transport at ambient temperature via Royal Mail or Courier.

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Reference Range

Normal result = Negative

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Turnaround Time

Within 10 days

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Testing Frequency

As required

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Patient Preparation

None

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References

Gammon WR, Fine JD, Forbes M and Briggaman RA. Immunofluorescence on split skin for the detection and differentiation of basement membrane zone autoantibodies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992. 27( 1 ): 79-87. [Ref 1]. Odell ID and Cook D. Immunofluorescence techniques. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2013. 133: 1-4. [Ref 2]. Arbache ST, Nogueira TG, Delgado L, Miyamoto D and Aoki V. Immunofluorescence testing in the diagnosis of autoimmune blistering diseases: overview of 10 year experience. An. Bras. Dermatol. 89( 6 ). [Ref 3].

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See Also

Skin antibodies, Split skin antibodies

Please note: the above information is subject to change and we endeavour to keep this website up to date wherever necessary.