Lead

Clinical Chemistry

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Description

Lead is a non-essential element. Occupational exposure to inorganic lead can occur in the production of batteries, smelting, demolition, paint stripping and alloy manufacture. Non-occupational exposure occurs through water, pica (children ingesting lead based paint), herbal remedies (empacho), asian cosmetics (surma) and retained bullets. Symptoms include: abdominal pain, fatigue, weakness, peripheral neuropathy and anaemia. Occupational exposure to organic lead can occur in the petroleum industry but is rare. Symptoms differ to inorganic lead toxicity in that neurological symptoms such as encephalopathy and confusion are more often seen. Children absorb more lead than adults and are therefore at more risk of developing toxicity.

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Indications

Monitoring of individuals with occupational exposure to lead. Suspected lead toxicity.

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Sample Type

Whole blood, EDTA or Lithium Heparin, filled to line (1 mL separated plasma) for cases involving inorganic lead.
Urine, plain bottle, 24 hour collection or random urine for cases involving organic lead or monitoring of chelation.

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Reference Range

Reference ranges are provided on the report. Alternatively, please contact the laboratory for current ranges.

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Turnaround Time

Within 2 weeks

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Testing Frequency

Blood: Once per week (Monday excluding Bank Holiday)
Urine: As required

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Please note: the above information is subject to change and we endeavour to keep this website up to date wherever necessary.