Acute Leukaemia Immunophenotyping

Haematology

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Description

Acute Leukaemia immunophenotyping is performed on peripheral blood or bone marrow when there are increased blasts cells in the sample. It is used to determine the lineage of blast cells, and identify aberrant phenotypes which may be associated with specific genetic mutations or poor prognosis. This panel may be applied to patients suspected of having an acute leukaemia, but may also be performed in myeloproliferative disorders or certain cases of MDS, if blast cells are identified. It is important to identify the cell lineage and full immunophenotype for treatment purposes and enrolment in clinical trials.

Interpretation of results is based on blood / bone marrow morphology and Immunophenotyping. The aim is to identify the lineage of the leukaemia (Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia / Acute Myeloid leukaemia) and sub-classify according to current classification systems where possible.

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Indications

This investigation is performed when an acute leukaemia is suspected, either as a new diagnosis or if disease relapse is suspected and there are increased blasts cells in the blood or bone marrow. It may be performed in conjunction with Aspirate and trephine morphology and a range of genetic investigations as part of our Haemato-Oncology diagnostic service (HODS).

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Sample Type

Bone marrow in EDTA bottle along with 2 unstained Bone Marrow smears. Peripheral blood in EDTA and 2 unstained blood films can be used if circulating blasts are present. However, if the blast percentage is less than 20% the report will only state the lineage of the blasts and the antigens present.

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Reference Range

Not applicable.

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Turnaround Time

A verbal interim result is usually available within 24 hours of sample receipt if the lab is contacted in advance and a contact name and number is given. 5 working days for validated report.

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Testing Frequency

Daily (Monday - Friday) No out of hours or weekend service provided. External samples should be sent by 1ST class post according to postal regulations for transporting samples or local transport arrangements if in place.

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External Notes

The sample ideally should be stored at room temperature. However if a sample has been refrigerated please note this on the request form when sending.

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References

1. WHO Classification of tumours: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haemopioetic and Lymphoid tissues. 4th Edition. Edited by Elaine S Jaffe et al. IARC Press Lyon 2008.

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Please note: the above information is subject to change and we endeavour to keep this website up to date wherever necessary.