Phosphate

Clinical Chemistry

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Description

Common causes of hypophosphataemia: 1. Sepsis. 2. Diarrhoea & vomiting. 3. Vitamin D deficiency. 4. Malnutrition/malabsorption. 5. Hyperparathyroidism. Common causes of hyperphosphataemia: 1. Renal failure 2. Acidosis (eg. respiratory acidosis due to COPD). 3. Cell death (eg. rhabdomyolysis). Phosphate is found in teeth and bones where it contributes to the mechanial strength. Phosphate is essential for energy metabolism, intracellular signalling and electrolyte transport. Phosphate is also an important buffer and maintains acid-base status.

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Indications

Serum phosphate: 1. Investigation and monitoring of conditions likely to lead to hypophosphataemia eg. re-feeding syndrome, DKA. 2. Investigation and monitoring of conditions likely to lead to hyperphosphataemia eg. CKD 3. As part of investigations of bone or calcium disorders. Urine phosphate: 1. To investigate the cause of hypophosphatemia. Used in conjunction with serum phosphate and creatinine and urine creatinine to calculate the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TmP/GFR).

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Sample Type

Serum SST/Gel, Minimum 2mL (1mL separated serum). Urine (plain container, no preservative).

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Reference Range

Reference ranges are provided on the report. Alternatively, please contact the laboratory for current ranges.

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Turnaround Time

Within 1 day

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Testing Frequency

As required.

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External Notes

TMP / GFR is an index of renal tubular phosphate reabsorption. TMP/GFR Adult reference range : 0.8 - 1.35 mmol/l, Childhood : 1.15 - 2.44 mmol/l (2 - 15 yrs).

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Please note: the above information is subject to change and we endeavour to keep this website up to date wherever necessary.